In international shipping, cargo loss or damage during transit is more common than many realize. When such issues arise, one critical question often surfaces: Who is responsible for the loss? This article provides a clear and practical explanation of: • Who bears the risk when cargo goes missing during transport • The crucial role of cargo insurance — when it helps and when it doesn’t • How different Incoterms (FOB, CIF, DDP) affect risk transfer and liability • What happens if no insurance was purchased — and what options remain • How to protect your shipments and minimize risk with the right decisions Whether you’re an exporter, importer, cross-border e-commerce seller, or logistics manager, understanding these concepts is essential for secure and reliable international trade.